feat(bot): модель данных, миграции Alembic, FSM в БД, TTL-чистка

- app/db/models.py: 13 таблиц (ARCHITECTURE §2.10); перечисления — VARCHAR + CHECK,
  JSON → JSONB на Postgres, BIGINT/INTEGER-ключи для SQLite
- миграция 0001 (автогенерация + ручная чистка: импорт sa.Text, дубли CHECK)
- миграции применяются при старте бота программно (app.db.migrate), script_location из пакета
- SqlStorage: FSM aiogram поверх fsm_state — состояние переживает рестарт (перенесено из #4)
- cleanup_loop: истёкшие черновики, снимки контейнеров и попытки входа старше суток
- тесты: upgrade/downgrade, дрейф моделей и миграций, CHECK, CASCADE, FSM, чистка

Refs #5

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

tests/bot/test_common.py

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ from aiogram.types import InlineKeyboardMarkup, ReplyKeyboardMarkup
 
 from app.bot.menu import Nav, NavAction
 from app.config import Settings
+from app.db.session import SessionMaker
 from app.main import build_dispatcher
 from app.texts import Texts
 from tests.conftest import ADMIN, OUTSIDER
@@ -11,8 +12,8 @@ from tests.fakes import TgClient
 
 
 @pytest.fixture
-def tg(settings: Settings, texts: Texts) -> TgClient:
-    return TgClient(build_dispatcher(settings, texts))
+def tg(settings: Settings, texts: Texts, sessions: SessionMaker) -> TgClient:
+    return TgClient(build_dispatcher(settings, texts, sessions))
 
 
 def buttons(markup: ReplyKeyboardMarkup) -> list[str]:

tests/bot/test_fsm_storage.py

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+from aiogram.fsm.state import State, StatesGroup
+from aiogram.fsm.storage.base import StorageKey
+from sqlalchemy import func, select
+
+from app.bot.fsm_storage import SqlStorage, key_to_str
+from app.db.models import FsmState
+from app.db.session import SessionMaker
+
+KEY = StorageKey(bot_id=42, chat_id=7, user_id=7)
+
+
+class Flow(StatesGroup):
+    name = State()
+
+
+async def test_state_and_data_survive_a_new_storage(sessions: SessionMaker) -> None:
+    first = SqlStorage(sessions)
+    await first.set_state(KEY, Flow.name)
+    await first.set_data(KEY, {"path": "services/a", "page": 2})
+
+    # A fresh storage on the same DB = the bot after a restart
+    second = SqlStorage(sessions)
+    assert await second.get_state(KEY) == Flow.name.state
+    assert await second.get_data(KEY) == {"path": "services/a", "page": 2}
+
+
+async def test_unknown_key_is_empty(sessions: SessionMaker) -> None:
+    storage = SqlStorage(sessions)
+    assert await storage.get_state(KEY) is None
+    assert await storage.get_data(KEY) == {}
+
+
+async def test_cleared_state_removes_row(sessions: SessionMaker) -> None:
+    storage = SqlStorage(sessions)
+    await storage.set_state(KEY, "x")
+    await storage.set_data(KEY, {"a": 1})
+    await storage.set_state(KEY, None)
+    await storage.set_data(KEY, {})
+    await storage.close()
+
+    async with sessions() as s:
+        assert await s.scalar(select(func.count()).select_from(FsmState)) == 0
+
+
+def test_key_includes_every_part() -> None:
+    key = StorageKey(bot_id=1, chat_id=2, user_id=3, thread_id=4, business_connection_id="b", destiny="d")
+    assert key_to_str(key) == "1:2:3:4:b:d"
+    assert key_to_str(KEY) == "42:7:7:::default"